Explosive-engine.



L. F. LOPTUS.

1 'EXPLOSIVE ENGINE. APPLICATION FILED NO\ T.17, 1908. 944 340. Patented Dec. 28, 1909.

4 SHEETS-SHEET l.

n I INVENTORJ L. F. LOPTUS.

EXPLOSIVE ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 17, 1908.

Patented Dec. 28, 1909.

NVENTOR BEL/5W 4 4 SHEETSSHEET z.

HIS ATTORNEY FI G2.

WITNESSES ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED NOV.17, 1908.

EXPLOSIVE Patented Dec. 28, 1909.

4 SHEETSSHEET FIG.3.

A'IZDE'ENTQR g lw HIS ATTORNEY WITNESSES L. F. LOFTUS.

A T E E H 8 s 2 k T w m D m 4 a a. m V 5 4. w e .5 1 t L a E P /l s 1 lw 3 m I Q. r x (k In H J 9 8 I'll 5 /N V I! 7 l H \h g Q 5 J 1 5 2 M v 1 a w 3 G 9 I 4 F 4 9 IN VENTOR WITNESSES chan'nber 14 to register with the inlet end of length to a portion. of the cylinder 1 and engaging the stem of valve 27 and cam 28 whereby the rotation of said cam'openssaid to each bypass 15, so-as. to shoot a spark crank shaft to balance up the orce of the of my engine is as follows. When the piston begins its outward stroke, the exhaust port to suck in the fuel through the open port 20. I When the piston reaches its outmost posisprocket wheel-24 rigidly mounted on said 1 shaft and connected by a. chain 24? to the sprocket wheel 25 on crankshaft- 18.

26 is an outlet portin the wall of cyl- I inder 1 adapted to exhaust the products of combustion from the explosion chamber after each explosion. 27 is the sprlng actuated valve controlling said port.

28 is a cam rigidly inounted'on shaft 29 suitably journaled from cylinder 1. 30. is a sprocket'wheel rigidly mounted on shaft 25 and. connected with sprocket wheel 31 'on crankshaft ltl'by chain 30' so that the desired rotation may be imparted to said cam 28. v

32 is a lever, pivoted intermediate-of its valve against the spring pressure at the proper intervals.

33-33 represent a pair of sparking plugs set in the curved end of-cylinder 1, asparking plug being preferably located adjacent throu h the charge and. thoroughly ignite the-same.

$3 -$23 represent counterwei hts on the explosion and prevent wearing unevenly the bearings, cylinderbore and piston rings.

Assuming that the piston is at its inmost position, as shown in the drawings, and a charge has just been exploded, the operation 26 remains closed by Valve 27. The outward movement of the piston rapidly increases the capacity of the annular chamber 14. The inlet valve 21 is opened as soon as the piston has moved outwardly to the extent that the chamber 141 ceases ;to register with the by-pass 15, admitting fuel to chamber 14, from the fuel supply. As the chamber 14 is rapidly increasing in capacity, theetfect is tion, the cam '22 has turned sufficiently to allow the valve, 21 to close the portv 520 and cut of? the admission of fuel, thus confining the charge in chamber 14. As the piston begins its inward. stroke, the cam 28 turns into the proper position to open. exhaust port 26 so that the products of the last explosion are driven out by the advancing piston. When the piston has advanced sufliciently for the by-pass 15, the exhaust port is closed and remains closed until the next inward stroke ol' the piston. The inward movement of the piston decreases the capacity of chamber 14, thus compressing the charge of fuel in said chamber until'the said chamber registers i w th the bypass 15 thus permitting the con i eases) tents of said chamber to pass through the said by-pass into the explosion chamber.

The sparking plugs may be operated and i the charge exploded at the end of the in Word strokeof the piston, in which case the fuel tends to back-fire into the chamber 14,.

owing to the said ch amber The cylinder end,.being rounded as shown,

greater strength is obtained with. less thick.- ness' of metal in the cylinder. The convex piston head 9 makes possible a contracted explosion chamber, notwithstanding the curved cylinder end. The convex cylinder end enables the exploding spark to bridge the space between the lay-passes and thoroughly ignite the charge throughout the entire explosion chamber. Owing to the form of the explosion chamber, method of admitting the charge thereto, and the method of exploding the same,'the explosion is complete and properly centered on the piston head, causing less wear on the piston rings and cylinder bore, and obviating choking up the lay-passes.

In the modification shown in Figs. 3,4 and 5, the piston 8 has noportion 13 of reduced diameter but the diameter of the head 9 is maintained throughout the pistonexcept in the case of head 10, as shown. 14* is an annular auxiliary compression chamber cast or otherwise formed in the wall of the piston 8. B l-34 are ports leading through the outer wall of said piston into the lower portion of said chamber 14.. 35-35 are similar ports leading from the top of said chamber through the outer wall of piston 8 and adapted to register with bypasses 15-45 Whenthe piston approaches llJS' inmost position.

The operation of the modified form of piston is similar to that explained. in connection with Figs. land 2. The fuel, how

ever, is admitted to the space. between the piston. and the outer bore 5 through the ward stroke of the piston and is compressed during the upward stroke and forced into said chamber 14 through the ports El i--34, from which chamber 14 the charge passes through ports Sir-35 and by-passes 1'515 into the explosion chamber when said bypasses register with said ports.

Although lhavc, for the sake of clearncss, minutely described the construction shown of the cylinder inlet port 20 during the out- I adapted to admit in the drawings, I do not wish to limit myself thereby but claim broadly.

1. In an explosive engine, a cylinder having a larger and a smaller bore and a convex closed end, a two headed piston adapted to it said bores, the inner head thereof being convex to correspond to said cylinder end, said structure providing an annular chamber between said piston and said cylinder in which the charge may be compressed before admission to the explosion chamber, a valve adapted to admit the fuel from the fuel supply to said annular chamber during the outward stroke of the piston, means for exhausting the products of combustion from the explosion chamber during the inward stroke of the piston, a pair of oppositely disposed valveless by-passes through the wall of the smaller cylinder bore in position to communicate with the annular chamber at the end of the inward stroke of the piston whereby the compressed charge is admitted to the explosion chamber at this point in the stroke, and sparking plugs tending into the explosion chamber at points one adjacent to each ofsaid by-passes.

2, In an explosive engine, a cylinder having a larger and a smaller bore, a two headed piston adapted to fit said bores whereby an annular chamber is formed between said cylinder and said piston, a valve fuel from the fuel supply into said annular chamber during the outward stroke of the piston, a second annular chamber contained within the wall of the piston, ports in the wall of the piston for the passage of the charge from said first annular chamber to said second annular chamber during the inward stroke of the piston, ports leading from the upper portion of said second annular chamber, bypasses through the wall of said cylinder adapted to register with said last mentioned ports at the end of the inward stroke of the piston whereby the charge is admitted to the explosion chamber, and means for ixploding the charge in the explosion cham 3. In an explosive engine, a cylinder having a larger and a smaller bore, a two headed piston adapted to fit said bores whereby an annular chamber is formed bei l l l l l l l l l l 1 1 -en l, said structure piston, a valve tween said cylinder and said the fuel supply adapted to admit fuel from into said annular chamber during the outward stroke of the piston, a second annular chamber contain-ed within the wall of the piston, ports in the wall of the piston for the passage of the charge from said first annular chamber to said second annular chamber during the inward stroke of the piston, ports leading from the upper portion of said second annular chamber, by-passes through the Wall of said cylinder adapted to register with said last mentioned ports at the end of the inward stroke of the piston whereby the charge is admitted to the explosion chamber, means for exploding the charge in the explosion chamber, and means for expelling the products of combustion from the explosion chamber during the inward stroke of the piston.

a In an explosive engine, a'cylinder having a larger and a smaller bore and a convex closed end, a two headed piston adapted to fit said bores, the inner head thereof being convex to correspond to said cylinder providing. an annular chamber between said piston and said cylinder in-which the charge may be compressed before admission to the explosion chamber, a valve adapted to admit fuel from the fuel supply to said annular chamber during .the outward stroke of the piston, means for exhausting the products of combustion from the explosion chamber during the inward stroke of the piston, a valveless by-pass through the bore in position to communicate with the annular chamber at the end of the inward stroke of the piston whereby the charge is admitted to the explosion chamber at the end of the inward stroke of the piston, means for exploding the charge in ,the explosion chamber, and a counter balanced crank shaft pivotally connected to said piston. V

Signed at Pittsburg, Pa., this 10th day of November, 1908.

LLOYD F. LOFTUS.

\Vitnesses J. H. HARRIsoN, EDWARD A. LAURENCE.

wall of the smaller cylinder 

